Abordaje de la hipoacusia súbita en medicina general
Contenido principal del artículo
Keywords
Hipoacusia súbita, Hipoacusia neurosensorial, Esteroides
Resumen
La hipoacusia súbita, caracterizada por la rápida instauración de la pérdida auditiva en uno o ambos oídos, constituye una causa frecuente de consulta en el ámbito del primer nivel de atención. Dada su naturaleza, es imperativo realizar un diagnóstico y tratamiento temprano. Este artículo se centra en la hipoacusia súbita neurosensorial, que, aunque a menudo es idiopática, requiere una evaluación exhaustiva para descartar posibles causas que puedan comprometer la vida del paciente. Se destaca la importancia de iniciar un tratamiento precoz con esteroides, ya sea por vía oral, tópica o combinada, subrayando así la necesidad de comprender aspectos esenciales para proporcionar una atención adecuada a estos pacientes.
Citas
1. Chandrasekhar SS, Tsai Do BS, Schwartz SR, Bontempo LJ, Faucett EA, Finestone SA, Hollingsworth DB, Kelley DM, Kmucha ST, Moonis G, Poling GL, Roberts JK, Stachler RJ, Zeitler DM, Corrigan MD, Nnacheta LC, Satterfield L. Clinical Practice Guideline: Sudden Hearing Loss (Update). Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2019;161(1_suppl):S1-S45. doi: 10.1177/0194599819859885
2. GBD 2019 Demographics Collaborators. Global age-sex-specific fertility, mortality, healthy life expectancy (HALE), and population estimates in 204 countries and territories, 1950–2019: a comprehensive demographic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet. 2020;396:1204–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30977-6
3. Wilson BS, Tucci DL, Merson MH, O'Donoghue GM. Global hearing health care: new findings and perspectives. Lancet. 2017;390(10111):2503-2515. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(17)31073-5. PMID: 28705460.
4. Jung WW, Hoegerl C. Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss and Why It's an Emergency. Cureus. 2022;14(1):e21418. doi: 10.7759/cureus.21418. PMID: 35198323.
5. Payne T, Wong G. Hearing loss: Conductive versus sensorineural. InnovAiT. 2022;15(4):218-225. doi:10.1177/17557380211070030
6. Barman SM. Capítulo 16: Sentidos especiales II: audición y equilibrio. En: Raff H, Levitzky R. Fisiología médica. Un enfoque por aparatos y sistemas. McGraw-Hill Interamericana; 2013. Disponible en: https://accessmedicina.mhmedical.com/book.aspx?bookID=1501
7. Cunningham LL, Tucci DL. Hearing Loss in Adults. N Engl J Med. 2017;377(25):2465-2473. doi:10.1056/NEJMra1616601
8. Johns JD, Adadey SM, Hoa M. The role of the stria vascularis in neglected otologic disease. Hear Res. 2023;428:108682. doi: 10.1016/j.heares.2022.108682. PMID: 36584545.
9. Michels TC, Duffy MT, Rogers DJ. Hearing Loss in Adults: Differential Diagnosis and Treatment. Am Fam Physician. 2019;100(2):98-108. PMID: 31305044.
10. Tripathi P, Deshmukh P. Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss: A Review. Cureus. 2022;14(9):e29458. doi:10.7759/cureus.29458
11. Pons Y, Maffert A, Raynal M, Ukkola-Pons E, Lepage P, Kossowski M. Sordera brusca. EMC-Otorrinolaringología. 2013; 42(2). doi:10.1016/S1632-3475(13)64679-2
12. Chen X, Fu YY, Zhang TY. Role of viral infection in sudden hearing loss. J Int Med Res. 2019;47(7):2865-2872. doi: 10.1177/0300060519847860. PMID: 31130031.
13. Lazarini PR, Camargo AC. Idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss: etiopathogenic aspects. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2006;72(4):554-61. doi: 10.1016/s1808-8694(15)31004-1. PMID: 17143437.
14. Li G, You D, Ma J, Li W, Li H, Sun S. The Role of Autoimmunity in the Pathogenesis of Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss. Neural Plast. 2018;2018:7691473. doi: 10.1155/2018/7691473. PMID: 30008743.
15. Prince ADP, Stucken EZ. Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss: A Diagnostic and Therapeutic Emergency. J Am Board Fam Med. 2021;34(1):216-223. doi: 10.3122/jabfm.2021.01.200199. PMID: 33452100.
16. Leung MA, Flaherty A, Zhang JA, Hara J, Barber W, Burgess L. Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss: Primary Care Update. Hawaii J Med Public Health. 2016;75(6):172-4. PMID: 27413627.
17. Yang A, Lewis RJ, Watson N, Riley CA, Tolisano AM. The cell phone vibration test: A telemedicine substitute for the tuning fork test. Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol. 2021;6(5):1175-1181. doi: 10.1002/lio2.665. PMID: 34667863.
18. Shilo S, Ungar OJ, Handzel O, Abu Eta R, Shapira U, Muhanna N, Oron Y. Telemedicine for Patients With Unilateral Sudden Hearing Loss in the COVID-19 Era. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2022;148(2):166-172. doi: 10.1001/jamaoto.2021.3672. PMID: 34940804.
19. Singh A, Kumar Irugu DV. Sudden sensorineural hearing loss - A contemporary review of management issues. J Otol. 2020;15(2):67-73. doi: 10.1016/j.joto.2019.07.001. PMID: 32440269.
20. Ng B, Crowson MG, Lin V. Management of sudden sensorineural hearing loss among primary care physicians in Canada: a survey study. J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2021;50(1):22. doi: 10.1186/s40463-021-00498-x. PMID: 33795010.
21. Tello Montúfar, DM, Estévez Tobar, DA. Hipoacusia neurosensorial súbita, el gran dilema de la otorrinolaringología. Una revisión de la literatura. RECIMUNDO. 2020;4(4),40-61. https://doi.org/10.26820/recimundo/4.(4).noviembre.2020.40-61
22. Marx M, Younes E, Chandrasekhar SS, et al. International consensus (ICON) on treatment of sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Eur Ann Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Dis. 2018;135(1S):S23-S28. doi:10.1016/j.anorl.2017.12.011
23. Li J, Ding L: Effectiveness of steroid treatment for sudden sensorineural hearing loss: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Ann Pharmacother. 2020;54:949-57. doi: 10.1177/1060028020908067
24. Plontke SK, Meisner C, Agrawal S, Cayé-Thomasen P, Galbraith K, Mikulec AA, Parnes L, Premakumar Y, Reiber J, Schilder AGM, Liebau A.Intratympanic corticosteroids for sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2022;7(1). doi:10.1002/14651858.CD008080.pub2.
25. Sialakis C, Iliadis C, Frantzana A, Ouzounakis P, Kourkouta L. Intratympanic Versus Systemic Steroid Therapy for Idiopathic Sudden Hearing Loss: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cureus. 2022;14(3):e22887. doi:10.7759/cureus.22887
26. Yang T, Liu H, Chen F, et al.: Intratympanic vs systemic use of steroids as first-line treatment for sudden hearing loss: a meta-analysis of randomized, controlled trials. J Otol. 2021;16:165-77.doi:10.1016/j.joto.2021.02.001
27. Mirian C, Ovesen T: Intratympanic vs systemic corticosteroids in first-line treatment of idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2020;146(5):421-428. doi:146:421-8. 10.1001/jamaoto.2020.0047
28. Nicklas L, Castro R, Henríquez S, Mella C. Hipoacusia sensorioneural unilateral: Revisión de los manejos posibles en nuestra realidad nacional. Rev. Otorrinolaringol. Cir. Cabeza Cuello. 2021;81(4):584-594. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/s0718-48162021000400584.
29. Shukla A, Harper M, Pedersen E, et al. Hearing Loss, Loneliness, and Social Isolation: A Systematic Review. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2020;162(5):622-633. doi:10.1177/0194599820910377
30. Jayakody DMP, Wishart J, Stegeman I, et al. Is There an Association Between Untreated Hearing Loss and Psychosocial Outcomes?. Front Aging Neurosci. 2022;14:868673. doi:10.3389/fnagi.2022.868673
2. GBD 2019 Demographics Collaborators. Global age-sex-specific fertility, mortality, healthy life expectancy (HALE), and population estimates in 204 countries and territories, 1950–2019: a comprehensive demographic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet. 2020;396:1204–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30977-6
3. Wilson BS, Tucci DL, Merson MH, O'Donoghue GM. Global hearing health care: new findings and perspectives. Lancet. 2017;390(10111):2503-2515. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(17)31073-5. PMID: 28705460.
4. Jung WW, Hoegerl C. Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss and Why It's an Emergency. Cureus. 2022;14(1):e21418. doi: 10.7759/cureus.21418. PMID: 35198323.
5. Payne T, Wong G. Hearing loss: Conductive versus sensorineural. InnovAiT. 2022;15(4):218-225. doi:10.1177/17557380211070030
6. Barman SM. Capítulo 16: Sentidos especiales II: audición y equilibrio. En: Raff H, Levitzky R. Fisiología médica. Un enfoque por aparatos y sistemas. McGraw-Hill Interamericana; 2013. Disponible en: https://accessmedicina.mhmedical.com/book.aspx?bookID=1501
7. Cunningham LL, Tucci DL. Hearing Loss in Adults. N Engl J Med. 2017;377(25):2465-2473. doi:10.1056/NEJMra1616601
8. Johns JD, Adadey SM, Hoa M. The role of the stria vascularis in neglected otologic disease. Hear Res. 2023;428:108682. doi: 10.1016/j.heares.2022.108682. PMID: 36584545.
9. Michels TC, Duffy MT, Rogers DJ. Hearing Loss in Adults: Differential Diagnosis and Treatment. Am Fam Physician. 2019;100(2):98-108. PMID: 31305044.
10. Tripathi P, Deshmukh P. Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss: A Review. Cureus. 2022;14(9):e29458. doi:10.7759/cureus.29458
11. Pons Y, Maffert A, Raynal M, Ukkola-Pons E, Lepage P, Kossowski M. Sordera brusca. EMC-Otorrinolaringología. 2013; 42(2). doi:10.1016/S1632-3475(13)64679-2
12. Chen X, Fu YY, Zhang TY. Role of viral infection in sudden hearing loss. J Int Med Res. 2019;47(7):2865-2872. doi: 10.1177/0300060519847860. PMID: 31130031.
13. Lazarini PR, Camargo AC. Idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss: etiopathogenic aspects. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2006;72(4):554-61. doi: 10.1016/s1808-8694(15)31004-1. PMID: 17143437.
14. Li G, You D, Ma J, Li W, Li H, Sun S. The Role of Autoimmunity in the Pathogenesis of Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss. Neural Plast. 2018;2018:7691473. doi: 10.1155/2018/7691473. PMID: 30008743.
15. Prince ADP, Stucken EZ. Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss: A Diagnostic and Therapeutic Emergency. J Am Board Fam Med. 2021;34(1):216-223. doi: 10.3122/jabfm.2021.01.200199. PMID: 33452100.
16. Leung MA, Flaherty A, Zhang JA, Hara J, Barber W, Burgess L. Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss: Primary Care Update. Hawaii J Med Public Health. 2016;75(6):172-4. PMID: 27413627.
17. Yang A, Lewis RJ, Watson N, Riley CA, Tolisano AM. The cell phone vibration test: A telemedicine substitute for the tuning fork test. Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol. 2021;6(5):1175-1181. doi: 10.1002/lio2.665. PMID: 34667863.
18. Shilo S, Ungar OJ, Handzel O, Abu Eta R, Shapira U, Muhanna N, Oron Y. Telemedicine for Patients With Unilateral Sudden Hearing Loss in the COVID-19 Era. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2022;148(2):166-172. doi: 10.1001/jamaoto.2021.3672. PMID: 34940804.
19. Singh A, Kumar Irugu DV. Sudden sensorineural hearing loss - A contemporary review of management issues. J Otol. 2020;15(2):67-73. doi: 10.1016/j.joto.2019.07.001. PMID: 32440269.
20. Ng B, Crowson MG, Lin V. Management of sudden sensorineural hearing loss among primary care physicians in Canada: a survey study. J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2021;50(1):22. doi: 10.1186/s40463-021-00498-x. PMID: 33795010.
21. Tello Montúfar, DM, Estévez Tobar, DA. Hipoacusia neurosensorial súbita, el gran dilema de la otorrinolaringología. Una revisión de la literatura. RECIMUNDO. 2020;4(4),40-61. https://doi.org/10.26820/recimundo/4.(4).noviembre.2020.40-61
22. Marx M, Younes E, Chandrasekhar SS, et al. International consensus (ICON) on treatment of sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Eur Ann Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Dis. 2018;135(1S):S23-S28. doi:10.1016/j.anorl.2017.12.011
23. Li J, Ding L: Effectiveness of steroid treatment for sudden sensorineural hearing loss: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Ann Pharmacother. 2020;54:949-57. doi: 10.1177/1060028020908067
24. Plontke SK, Meisner C, Agrawal S, Cayé-Thomasen P, Galbraith K, Mikulec AA, Parnes L, Premakumar Y, Reiber J, Schilder AGM, Liebau A.Intratympanic corticosteroids for sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2022;7(1). doi:10.1002/14651858.CD008080.pub2.
25. Sialakis C, Iliadis C, Frantzana A, Ouzounakis P, Kourkouta L. Intratympanic Versus Systemic Steroid Therapy for Idiopathic Sudden Hearing Loss: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cureus. 2022;14(3):e22887. doi:10.7759/cureus.22887
26. Yang T, Liu H, Chen F, et al.: Intratympanic vs systemic use of steroids as first-line treatment for sudden hearing loss: a meta-analysis of randomized, controlled trials. J Otol. 2021;16:165-77.doi:10.1016/j.joto.2021.02.001
27. Mirian C, Ovesen T: Intratympanic vs systemic corticosteroids in first-line treatment of idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2020;146(5):421-428. doi:146:421-8. 10.1001/jamaoto.2020.0047
28. Nicklas L, Castro R, Henríquez S, Mella C. Hipoacusia sensorioneural unilateral: Revisión de los manejos posibles en nuestra realidad nacional. Rev. Otorrinolaringol. Cir. Cabeza Cuello. 2021;81(4):584-594. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/s0718-48162021000400584.
29. Shukla A, Harper M, Pedersen E, et al. Hearing Loss, Loneliness, and Social Isolation: A Systematic Review. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2020;162(5):622-633. doi:10.1177/0194599820910377
30. Jayakody DMP, Wishart J, Stegeman I, et al. Is There an Association Between Untreated Hearing Loss and Psychosocial Outcomes?. Front Aging Neurosci. 2022;14:868673. doi:10.3389/fnagi.2022.868673
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Publicado
feb 12, 2024
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Cómo citar
Barrantes-Silman, P., Castillo-Cordero, A., & Nygren-Nygren, A. (2024). Abordaje de la hipoacusia súbita en medicina general . Revista Hispanoamericana De Ciencias De La Salud, 9(3), 204–213. https://doi.org/10.56239/rhcs.2023.93.674
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