Constipation predominant irritable bowel syndrome: a literature review
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Keywords
Irritable bowel syndrome, chronic abdominal pain, constipation
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a highly prevalent chronic disease that affects the quality of life of those who suffer from it. It is characterized by recurrent abdominal pain, which may be related to defecation, or to a change in the frequency or shape of bowel movements. It is subdivided into IBS with predominance of diarrhea (IBS-D), predominance of constipation (IBS-C), mixed (IBS-M), and unsubtyped. IBS-C presents more than 25% of stools with Bristol type 1 or 2 stools and less than 25% with type 6 or 7 stools. Physiopathologically, this subtype is multifactorial, causes include impaired motility, hypersensitivity visceral, altered intestinal permeability, abnormal metabolism of 5-hydroxytryptamine, genetic factors, among others. This indicates that for the disease to develop, several abnormalities must be present. Its diagnosis is mainly clinical, based on the Rome IV criteria. Treatment is focused on the main symptom, starting with non-pharmacological treatment (changes to lifestyle and diet), which, if not effective, progresses to the use of drugs such as laxatives, antibiotics, antispasmodics, secretagogues, in addition to supplementing with psychological therapy.
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