Knowledge about the autism spectrum in teachers who work in educational schools, Sancti Spíritus, Cuba

Abstract

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is characterized by difficulties in communication, social interaction, and cognitive and behavioral flexibility. Despite advancements in the understanding of ASD, numerous myths persist, making accurate information and professional guidance essential. Objective: To assess the level of knowledge about ASD among teachers working in special schools in the municipality of Sancti Spíritus, Cuba. Method: A descriptive, longitudinal, and prospective study was conducted among teachers in special educational institutions in the municipality of Sancti Spíritus. Results: Of the participants, 66.12% held a degree in Pedagogy. The most represented age group was 31 to 40 years, with a predominance of females. Regarding common myths about ASD, 100% of the surveyed teachers correctly identified that ASD is not a transitory phase and does not resolve with age. Conclusions: An adequate level of knowledge was identified among teachers concerning the myths and realities of ASD. This information is crucial for developing future educational strategies aimed at equipping teachers in their interactions with these children and guiding parents in the proper management of ASD.